June 15 (Reuters) - Advisers to the U.S Food and Drug Administration on Wednesda
y unanimously recommended the agency authorize COVID-19 vaccines from Moderna In
c (MRNA.O) and Pfizer Inc (PFE.N)/BioNTech SE (22UAy.DE) for millions of the you
ngest American children.
6月15日（路透社）—美国食品和药物管理局顾问周三全票通过批准Moderna和辉瑞生产的CO
VID-19疫苗，用于数百万美国最小的儿童。
The committee's recommendation is an important step toward immunizing children u
nder the age of 5 and as young as 6 months old who have not yet been eligible fo
r the shots.
The FDA is likely to authorize the shots soon. The U.S. government is planning f
or a June 21 start to its under-5 vaccination campaign should the vaccines recei
ve FDA authorization, White House COVID-19 response coordinator Ashish Jha said
last week.
委员会的建议是对5岁以下和6个月以下还没有资格接种疫苗的儿童进行接种，完善COVID-19
疫苗接种的重要一步。
FDA可能很快就会批准这种疫苗。白宫COVID-19应对协调员Ashish Jha上周表示，如果疫苗
获得FDA授权，美国政府计划于6月21日开始5岁以下儿童接种疫苗。
COVID-19 is generally more mild in children than adults, but FDA officials told
the panel that the number of U.S. COVID deaths so far in small children - roughl
y 442 under age 5 - "compared terribly" to the 78 deaths reported during the swi
ne flu pandemic of 2019-2010.
"I think we have to be careful that we don't become numb to the number of pediat
ric deaths because of the overwhelming number of older deaths," FDA official Pet
er Marks told the panel.
COVID-19在儿童中通常比成人更轻，但FDA官员告诉该小组，到目前为止，美国儿童中COVID
-19的死亡人数——大约442名5岁以下的儿童——与2019-2010年流感大流行期间报告的78例
死亡“相比较为可怕”。
“我认为我们必须小心，不要因为年龄较大的死亡人数太多而对儿童死亡人数麻木，”FDA
官员Peter Marks告诉委员会。
Once the FDA authorizes the vaccines for the age group - 6 months to 4 years old
for Pfizer/BioNTech and 6 months to 5 years old for Moderna - the U.S. Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) will make its recommendations on use of
the shots in young children. A committee of the CDC's outside advisers is sched
uled to meet on Friday and Saturday.
一旦FDA批准该年龄段的疫苗——辉瑞/BioNTech的6个月至4岁，Moderna的6个月至5岁——
美国疾病控制和预防中心(CDC)将对幼儿使用该疫苗提出建议。由CDC外部顾问组成的一个委
员会定于周五和周六开会。
While many American parents are eager to vaccinate their children, its unclear h
ow strong the demand will be for the shots. The Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine was auth
orized for children ages 5 to 11 in October, but only about 29% of that group is
fully vaccinated.
虽然许多美国父母都渴望给孩子接种疫苗，但目前还不清楚疫苗的需求会有多强烈。辉瑞和
BioNTech的疫苗于10月份被批准用于5至11岁的儿童，但这一群体中只有约29%的人接种了全
面疫苗。
Public health officials and experts say that even though a large portion of smal
l children were infected during the winter surge in cases driven by the Omicron
variant of the coronavirus, natural immunity wanes over time and vaccinations sh
ould help prevent hospitalizations and deaths when cases rise again.
公共卫生官员和专家表示，尽管很大一部分幼儿是在Omicron亚型导致的冬季病例激增期间
感染的，但随着时间的推移，自然免疫力会减弱，接种疫苗应有助于防止病例再次上升时住
院和死亡。
The two vaccines are not interchangeable. Moderna's vaccine for children under 6
is a two-dose, 25 microgram vaccine, with the shots given about four weeks apar
t. The Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine for the youngest children is a lower dose, 3-shot
regimen given over at least 11 weeks.
这两种疫苗不可交换接种。Moderna针对6岁以下儿童的疫苗是两剂25微克的疫苗，每隔四周
注射一次。辉瑞/BioNTech针对最小的儿童的疫苗是一种低剂量并注射3剂，整个接种过程至
少需11周。
Several panelists at the meeting voiced concerns that the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccin
e was not substantially protective until children received the third shot, notin
g that parents might believe their children were protected while awaiting that l
ast dose.
会议上的一些专家表示，辉瑞/BioNTech的疫苗在儿童接种第三针之前并没有实质性的保护
作用，他们指出，孩子直到最后一针时才能得到了保护。
（根据CNBC的报导，选择接种辉瑞的孩子第三剂很重要，因为前两剂几乎没什么保护力）
心得：
总而言之两款mRNA疫苗都通过啦，辉瑞疫苗：6个月至4岁儿童，3微克，三剂。莫德纳：6个
月至5 岁儿童，25微克，两剂。台湾大概率是会跟进的，但最后要不要打还是各位家长自己
决定，祝大家都能为自己的孩子做出最合适的选择喔。
也可以上林氏璧医师的粉专看看，有更详细的解释。我不知道这边能不能贴FB文就不放上来
了。
原新闻网址：https://tinyurl.com/mtxftmp9