Thomas Edward John Jr. (born May 22, 1943 in Terre Haute, Indiana) is a
former left-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball whose 288 career
victories rank as the 6th highest total among lefthanders in major league
history. He is also known for the revolutionary surgery, now named after him,
which was performed on a damaged ligament in his pitching arm.
前大联盟左投手Thomas Edward John Jr.(1943年5月22日出生于印第安那州的堤尔荷特)
生涯一共获得288胜，排名大联盟史上左投手第6多。除此之外，他也因为更换投球手臂的
受损韧带这种革命性的手术而闻名，这种手术现在以他的名字命名。
Playing career
An outstanding basketball player at Gerstmeyer High School in Terre Haute,
where he held the city single game scoring record, Tommy John was originally
signed by the Cleveland Indians, getting his major league start in 1963. Of
his 26-year major league career, he is best remembered for his seasons with
the Los Angeles Dodgers in the 1970s. He made appearances in the All-Star
Game in 1968, 1978, 1979, and 1980. He played in all three Yankees vs.
Dodgers World Series of his era (1977, 1978 and 1981), but was on the losing
end of all three, having switched over to the Yankees by the time the Dodgers
took the Series in '81. John never played on a major league championship team.
Tommy John曾经是堤尔荷特的Gerstmeyer高中的出色篮球选手，并保有堤尔荷特单场对多
得分纪录。Tommy John起初是被印地安人所签下，并于1963年开始了大联盟生涯。26年的
职业生涯中最令人记忆深刻的就是1970年代效力道奇队的时期。他在 1968，1978，1979
，1980年皆入选明星赛。Tommy John参与了三次洋基与道奇的世界大赛(1977，1978与
1981)，但是三次皆与冠军无缘。在Tommy John从道奇队转至洋基队后，道奇队却于1981
年世界大赛中击败洋基队获得世界大赛冠军。Tommy John生涯从未获得世界大赛冠军戒指
。
In the middle of the 1974 season, John was cruising along with a 13-3 record
as the Dodgers were in route to their first National League pennant in eight
years, before he permanently damaged the ulnar collateral ligament in his
pitching arm, leading to a revolutionary surgical operation. This operation,
now known as Tommy John surgery, replaced the ligament in the elbow of his
pitching arm with a tendon from his right forearm. The surgery was performed
by Dr. Frank Jobe on September 25, 1974, and although it seemed unlikely he
would ever be able to pitch again, he spent the entire 1975 season in
recovery and returned to the Dodgers in 1976. His 10-10 record that year was
considered "miraculous" but John went on to pitch until 1989, winning 164
games after his surgery—one fewer game than all-time great Sandy Koufax won
in his entire career. How many games John would have won had he been healthy
in 1974 and 1975 is speculative but it is likely he easily would have
surpassed 300. After Phil Niekro's retirement, John spent 1988 and 1989 as
the oldest player in the major leagues. Today, many pitchers have Tommy John
surgery during their careers.
1974 年球季中段，在Tommy John伤了投球手臂尺骨附属韧带之前，他以13胜3败的成绩带
领道奇队迈向近8年来的第一个国联冠军。他接受了现今称为Tommy John韧带重建的手术
，以右前臂的韧带替换投球手臂的手肘韧带。手术于1974年9月25日由Frank Jobe医生执
刀，虽然大家都认为Tommy John将无法在上场投球了，但是Tommy John花了1975年整个球
季进行复健并且于1976年回到道奇队阵中。当年他投出的10胜10败成绩被认为是奇蹟，
Tommy John又继续投球直到1989年。手术后Tommy John获得了164胜，只比伟大的棒球明
星Sandy Koufax生涯的胜场数少一场而已。一般认为假如Tommy John在1974年与1975年没
有因伤缺赛，他的胜场数应该能轻易的突破300场。在Phil Niekro退休后，Tommy John于
1988年与1989年成为了联盟中最老的球员。现今许多大联盟投手生涯中都曾接受过Tommy
John手术。
Still, he decided it was time to retire in 1989, when Mark McGwire got two
hits off him. McGwire's father was TJ's dentist. John said, "When your
dentist's kid starts hitting you, it's time to retire!"
1989年球季当Mark McGwire从Tommy John手中打出两支安打后，他决定要退休了。
McGwire的父亲是Tommy John的牙医。他说:"当你的牙医的儿子开始将你的球打成安打时
，就是该退休的时候了。"
Managerial career
On Dec. 17, 2006, John was named manager of the Bridgeport Bluefish in the
Atlantic League, an independent minor league in the Northeast.
2006年12月17日，Tommy John被任命为大西洋联盟桥港蓝鱼的经理，这支球队隶属于美国
东北部的独立联盟。
Personal life
Tommy married the former Sally Simmons on July 13, 1970. They are parents of
four children (Tamara,Tommy III,Travis ,and Taylor).
Tommy John于1970年7月3日与前妻Sally Simmons结婚，育有四名子女(Tamara，Tommy
III，Travis 与 Taylor)。
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy_John