论文出处：
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-026-02905-7
光谱特征分析：
https://i.urusai.cc/zDHtF.jpg
Sugars are essential biomolecules, serving as metabolic fuels, nucleic acid
backbone components and structural or energy-storage polymers. A central
question in origin-of-life research is how monosaccharides formed on the
primitive Earth, as laboratory experiments under prebiotic conditions yield
insufficient concentrations. The detection of ribose, glucose and other
monosaccharides in asteroids and meteorites suggests an exogenous origin,
possibly in the interstellar medium (ISM) before meteoritic parent-body
formation. However, no sugar has been observed in the ISM so far. Here we
report the discovery of erythrulose, a chiral four-carbon ketose, in the ISM.
The detection was achieved through ultrasensitive, broadband spectral surveys
of the Galactic Centre molecular cloud G+0.693.027, using the Yebes 40
and IRAM 30 telescopes. Erythrulose appears to be at least eight times
more abundant than analogous three-carbon sugars, which remain undetected in
our ultrasensitive observations. Quantum chemical and astrochemical models
indicate that erythrulose forms efficiently on interstellar dust grains from
simpler two-carbon aldehydes and alcohols. As ketoses readily isomerize into
aldoses in aqueous conditions, interstellar erythrulose could have
contributed to the sugar inventory available for early metabolic and
replication processes.
糖类是重要的生物分子，它们作为代谢燃料、核酸骨架成分以及结构或能量储存聚合物发
挥作用。生命起源研究的核心问题之一是原始地球上单糖是如何形成的，因为在生命起源
前的实验室条件下进行的实验无法获得足够浓度的单糖。在小行星和陨石中检测到核糖、
葡萄糖和其他单糖显示它们可能起源于外源，或许是在陨石母体形成之前的星际介质（
ISM）中。然而，迄今为止，尚未在星际介质中观测到任何糖类。
本文报导了在星际介质中发现赤藻糖酮糖，一种手性四碳酮糖。这项发现是透过使用
耶贝斯40公尺望远镜和IRAM 30公尺望远镜对银河系中心分子云G+0.693.027进行超灵敏
宽带光谱巡天观测实现的。
赤藻糖酮糖的丰度似乎至少是类似三碳糖的八倍，而后者在我们的超灵敏观测中仍然
未被侦测到。量子化学和天文化学模型表明，赤藻糖酮糖能够高效地在星际尘埃颗粒上
由简单的双碳醛和醇转化而来。由于酮糖在水溶液中易异构化为醛糖，星际赤藻糖酮糖可
能为早期代谢和复制过程提供了糖分来源。