根据Reddit Television板这篇文SAG-AFTRA Contract Talks Fail To Reach Deal;
National Board To Meet Thursday Morning To Formally Launch Strike的讨论,美国
演员工会主诉求大致与编剧工会相符,故就编剧工会诉求作此整理,避免各种已知谬论:
编剧工会上次罢工是2007-2008年,持续100天:
"The big win for the Writers Guild was jurisdiction over new media, which was
precedent-setting. Streamers would have to hire WGA writers on shows over
certain budgets. Other than that, they received a new percentage payment on
the distributor's gross for digital distribution..."
协商到此成果,工会在2008年投票结束罢工,协商期间放弃另外两大诉求:a residual
of 0.6% (up from 0.3%) per DVD sold, Jurisdiction in reality and animation.
2023年罢工从5/2开始,最大目标一定是Streaming residuals. 以串流为新媒体的借口,
规避电视网影剧都有的residuals. 工会的诉求就是,这漏洞使得薪资倒退到十年前水准
。
2007-2008年罢工争取的合约,当然想不到2022年7月串流超越有线电视。当年要求
"Streamers would have to hire WGA writers on shows over certain budgets"以及
"For downloads, writers were granted 1.2% of distributor's gross receipts for
rentals and 0.65%-0.7% of gross receipts. For ad supported streaming writers
were granted 2% of gross receipts beyond the initial 17 days." 不可能料到月费
制串流平台如Netflix称霸,且超越有线电视时,没Streaming residuals使得薪资倒退到
十年前水准。
工会2023年罢工提出8项诉求,不提出,三年后才能提出(三年换约协商一次),受到瞩目
的罢工期间,2023年就开始论述2020年后浮现的The "proliferation" of mini-rooms问
题,以及2022年10月出现的ChatGPT/AI问题,当然比2026年,晚三年才提出更好。工会在
2007年就对"还没有自制影剧的Netflix和Amazon",提出"Once Netflix and Amazon
began producing shows, they were obligated to hire Guild writers"的诉求,若到
2010年才提出,可想而知。
2007年协商时,工会释出善意,放弃a residual of 0.6% (up from 0.3%) per DVD sold
,到今日DVD已经进棺材,但最后挣得jurisdiction over new media,不只digital
distribution的收益,也确保工会在串流当道的今日居于主流,得以和资方做团体协商。
目前2023年的罢工即将进入100天,工会势必会放弃若干诉求,以争取重要诉求获得合理
还价。2007/2008年并没有无限期罢工,今日西方影剧更加茁壮,事实已经证明一切。
然而演员工会的加入,彰显两工会主张,攸关下个世代(如2007/2008到2023)。Reddit上
的讨论点出,导演工会先达成协议毫无意义,因另外两工会进入罢工。故编剧工会自承寻
求横向整合,效果已出现。